[JPB2 – Set-top terminal for cable TV distribution system – Google Patents

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Feb 12,  · Well, Movie Studio 13 Platinum can open AVI wrapper, it’s just the the question of whether or not Movie Studio 13 Platinum likes the chocolate filling within it. You can try to use software like MediaInfo to find out what type of codec that file needs, and see if Movie Studio 13 Platinum will pick up the codec and open the file, but that is not. Sep 03,  · The issue is that the format is mp4 and I’ve opened lots of mp4 files before. Similarly, although it’s a codec I believe I have opened these types of codecs before as well (not % positive). The files play absolutely fine in VLC player as well as Windows Media Player so I’m at a loss as to what is wrong. Sep 13,  · Restart PC,open up Vegas and see if it works this time. Or else replace.me Download freemake video converter Convert replace.me4 OR replace.me and try reimporting those files into Vegas MP4 and WMV works like a charm in Vegas.
 
 

“Warning: An error occurred while opening one or more files” – Creative COW.» Blog Archive » Hello world!

 
First, make sure that you have installed all of the required software. Next, make sure that your hard drive is properly formatted and has enough free space. Sony Vegas is a professional video editing software that works great on any computer, but it’s still susceptible to errors. Learn how to fix it here. replace.me › fix-an-error-occurred-while-opening-files-in-sony-.

 

How to Solve Sony Vegas Crashing and Fix Corrupted Video Files

 

In addition to making it easy for subscribers to interact with the cable system , the physical characteristics of the subscriber interface must improve intimacy with the users of the system. The remote control must easily fit in the palm of the user. The buttons on the preferred remote control include pictorial symbols that can be easily identified by the subscriber.

In addition, buttons that perform similar functions may be color-coordinated, or may be distinguished from each other to increase intimacy with the user of the system.

Menu driven program selection The menu-driven system allows subscribers to access all major menus from movie hits to sports special features and special programs in one step. From any of the main menus, subscribers can access sub-menus and minor menus in turn by cursor or alphabetic access. There are two different types of menus used in this preferred embodiment: a program selection menu and a programming program menu.

The program selection menu, which is the first menu, includes an introduction menu, a home menu, a major menu, and a submenu.

The second menu, the inter-program menu, consists of two basic menus, a secret menu and a program overlay menu. As soon as the subscriber turns on the set-top terminal , an introductory menu welcomes the subscriber to the system. The referral menu may display important announcements from local cable franchises, advertisements from cable providers, or other types of messages.

In addition, the referral menu can inform the subscriber if the cable headend has sent a personal message to that particular set-top terminal for that subscriber. After the introduction menu is displayed, the subscriber can proceed to the next level menu, the home menu. In this preferred embodiment, after a certain period of time, the cable system advances the subscriber to the next, assuming no home menu selection.

From the home menu, subscribers have access to all program options. The subscriber can select the program directly by entering the appropriate channel number from the remote control , or can proceed sequentially through the next level menu options starting from the home menu.

The home menu displays a category corresponding to the first level called the main menu. If a subscriber chooses to go in sequence through successive menus, the subscriber is sent from the home menu to the main menu corresponding to the selected category. The main menu further refines the subscriber search and helps the subscriber to guide the choices. From the main menu, the subscriber has access to several submenus. Subscribers can access other submenus from each submenu until they find the desired television program.

Like the main menu, each successive sub-menu further refines the subscriber search. The system also allows the subscriber to directly access a specific menu or television program by skipping certain menus and sub-menus by entering appropriate commands on the remote control The inter-program menu including the secret menu and the program overlay menu is displayed by the set-top terminal only after the subscriber has selected a television program.

To avoid confusing the subscriber, the set-top terminal does not display the secret menu until the subscriber selects an appropriate option for displaying the secret menu. The secret menu includes options related to the program selected by the viewer. For example, the secret menu includes options that allow the subscriber to enter interactive mode or exit the selected program. The program overlay menu is similar to the secret menu in that it relates to the program being generated and viewed during the program.

However, the program overlay menu is displayed simultaneously with the program selected by the subscriber. Most program overlay menus are displayed small enough on the screen so that subscribers can continue to comfortably watch the selected program.

Set-top device description 1. Overview Preferably, the signal is sent to the subscriber’s home in a compressed format eg, MPEG and decompressed prior to viewing. The transmitted program signal includes information that allows the subscriber’s home device to display a menu for selecting a particular program.

According to this particular embodiment, the television program signal is transmitted via one or more connections such as coaxial cable, fiber cable, twisted pair, cellular telephone connection, satellite or personal communications network PCN.

Can be sent to the subscriber’s home. The set top terminal has local computer memory and the ability to interpret digitally compressed signals and create menus for subscribers.

The remote control transmits the subscriber’s selection to the set top terminal Subscriber selection is largely based on menus and other prompts displayed on the television screen. Program control information signal The program control information signal is generated by the operations center and provides the network controller with data relating to program schedules and descriptions.

In another configuration, this data is sent directly to the set top terminal and displayed to the subscriber. In this preferred embodiment, the program control information signal is stored and modified by the network controller and sent to the set top terminal in the form of a set top terminal control information stream STTCIS. The set-top terminal integrates the program control information signal and STTCIS with the data stored in the memory of the set-top terminal and provides an on-screen menu that assists the subscriber in selecting a program to be displayed.

The type of information that can be transmitted using the program control signal includes the number of program categories, the name of the program category, the channel specified for a particular category such as a special channel , the name of the channel, and the name of the program on each channel.

Program start time, program length, program description, menu designation for each program, fee, sample video clip for program advertisement, information about other programs, menus and works, etc. In this simple example, program control information including these menu codes is continuously sent from the operations center to the network controller and ultimately to the set top terminal For example, as shown in Table A, program information corresponding to 4 hours is continuously sent via a program control information signal.

Table A shows basic program information sent by the set top terminal The program description shown is an encoded ellipsis. For example, C represents comedy, N represents news, S represents sports, A represents comics, and TX represents text. If there is a text description for the program, such as a movie, the description is given after the encoded description of the program or communicated after the program information corresponding to 4 hours.

As shown in the encoded list, program descriptions for programs longer than 30 minutes need not be repeated every 30 minutes each. The video video description code informs the set-top terminal whether there is a still video or a live video that can be used to advertise the program.

For example, some sports programs include B Michigan State University vs. South Carolina University is designated. The letter B designates the program as category B, that is, sports. The second alphanumeric character 3 designates this program as a third menu in the sports category. The third character of the code 5 designates this program in the fifth program time zone slot on the third menu. The next four characters, , represent the program start time, program length, and program name.

This entry represents a college football game, a sports program broadcast at 4 pm on New Year’s Day. In the channel 1 entry of table A, two menu codes are shown. By allowing two menu codes, programs that can fit under the description of two different categories can be displayed in both menus for the subscriber.

This minimum amount of information is regularly communicated to the set-top terminal so that the set-top terminal has the appropriate menu location for each program and the appropriate time and channel to be energized for the subscriber after menu selection. Can be determined. Table B shows an example of an event table that can be downloaded to the set-top terminal using an Event Data file including information on events and prices.

As shown in Table B, the three columns of the event table identify the field number, the field itself, and the type of information downloaded to the Event Data file. The first column includes field numbers The middle column shows the corresponding field parameters with event type, event ID, global overall channel ID, price, start time, end time, start date, end date, P-icon, name, and description including.

The third column contains the corresponding field type information. Field type information typically consists of unsigned integers, hours, minutes and seconds, months, days and years, and ASCII character identifiers. Table C shows an example of an Event Data file. In particular, Table C shows two data streams corresponding to two event types.

The first data stream identifies the event in the first field. The second field specifies the event ID included in this example. The third field contains 2 which is the global channel ID number. The fourth field shows the cost of 50 cents for this event. The fifth and sixth fields indicate the start time and end time from 3 am to 3 pm, respectively.

The ninth field indicates a P-icon set in the graphics file. Finally, the tenth and eleventh fields indicate the name and description of the selected event, where Sesame Street Registered trademark and Barney Registered trademark. The second data stream of the Event Data example shown in Table C is: Terminator IV Similar information is included in the first field, specified in the first field as a pay-per-view type event viewable by payment.

Program control information signals and STTCIS can be formatted in a variety of ways, and menus on the screen can be created in many different ways. For example, if the program control information signal does not carry menu format information, the menu format for creating the menu can be fixed in the ROM of the set top terminal.

This method makes it possible to carry information with fewer program control information signals. However, this method has the least flexibility because the menu format cannot be changed without physically replacing the ROM. Used for non-video such as block coding, contour coding, blob encoding, run length encoding, etc.

to limit the amount of bandwidth required to transmit the program control information signal Various compression techniques can be used. Further, the program control information signal is divided into text and graphics, or video, text, and graphics, and if necessary, the set-top terminal using a text generator, graphics decompression device, and video decompression device.

Contains data that can be recombined. Preferably, the menu driven program selection system allows the subscriber to select a program by moving within a series of menus using the remote control for cursor movement.

The final selection in the series of menus identifies one particular channel and the activation time for that channel. Depending on the channel and the time of activation, the set-top terminal can display the selected program on the television for the viewer. To accomplish this goal, a simple embodiment assigns an intelligent alphanumeric code to each program. This alphanumeric code identifies the category of the program, the menu in which the program is to be displayed, its transmission time, and the location on the menu where the program is to be displayed.

In the preferred embodiment, the menu format information is stored in a temporary memory in the set-top terminal , ie, RAM, FLASH ROM, EEPROM or EPROM. This configuration further limits the amount of information that needs to be transmitted via the program control information signal, while giving the menu format the desired flexibility.

New menu format information can be sent to the set-top terminal via a program control information signal each time the menu changes. Polling In addition to the menu format information stored in graphics memory , set top terminal also stores data that tracks the program selected for viewing. This data is then transmitted to the cable headend where it is used in performing network control and monitoring functions. Such data transmission between the set-top terminal and the cable headend is performed, for example, via upstream transmission over a cable network or over a telephone line using a telephone modem.

Where upstream transmission over a cable network is used, the set-top terminal completes the data transmission based on a schedule or as needed. Program access information identifying each program viewed by the viewer is stored at each set-top terminal until it is polled by the network controller for information retrieval.

This information can be achieved by using a poll request message format as shown in FIG. Synchronization is maintained using an 8-bit flag sequence that appears at the beginning and end of a frame.

The address field specifies a 4-bit address for a given set top terminal The subscriber’s area designation is a 4-bit field indicating the geographical area where the subscriber’s set-top terminal is located.

In this example, field sizes are given, but various sizes can be used in the present invention. Frame format also provides a variable length information field for other data communications, such as information regarding system updates.

As described above, the frame format ends with the same 8-bit flag that is, the tracking flag as the format for the leading leading flag Other frame formats will be apparent to those skilled in the art and can be easily adapted to be easily used with this system. Using any such polling request message format, the network controller queries each set-top terminal The set top terminal is identified by a unique address and an identifier of the set top terminal.

The set-top terminal preferably sends information and messages to the network controller only if permission is granted by the network controller For example, when a specialized program is accessed since a previous poll, set-top terminal is granted permission to send poll response in the form of a status report that includes any of its drunken access information.

These status reports generally include information that enables the network controller to track the history of the subscriber’s program access. This frame format is the same as the polling request message format and is labeled with a similar reference number.

The length of the information field remains variable so that an indefinite program to be accessed, for example, programs 1 to N represented by are included in this frame. This response includes the number of programs accessed and the corresponding event identification number shown as in FIG. A program access block is accessed. During the polling cycle, the program control information continues to provide menu information to the set top terminal In the simplest embodiment, the menu remains fixed and only the text varies.

Therefore, the program control information signal can be basically limited to text, and a text generator can be used in the set top terminal This simple embodiment keeps the cost of set-top terminal low and limits the bandwidth required for program control information. Another simple embodiment uses a full-time separate channel large bandwidth for menu information only. Sending promo motion picture As will be described later, live video video signals can be used in the menu window.

These video signals can be transmitted using a program control information signal, or the menu display can be separated from the channels being transmitted simultaneously. When the video signal is separated from the channel, less information needs to be transmitted using the program control information signal. Using this technique requires that separate decompression hardware be used for the program control information and the channel carrying the video, but this embodiment provides the maximum flexibility in the system.

Is therefore preferred. A separate decompressor also helps to ensure that the switch from menu to television program is smooth and without significant time delays.

Videos for menus, promotions, or demonstrations are 1 scaled on dedicated channels, 2 on regular program channels and in dimensions, and 3 with program control information signals, etc.

It can be sent to the set top terminal in multiple formats. However, in this preferred embodiment, a number of short promotion or demonstration videos are sent using screen splits on dedicated channels, as described below. Set top terminal FIG. The set-top terminal includes a decryption device , a tuner , a digital demodulator , and demultiplexers and in addition to the audio devices and Also shown in FIG.

A modem allows communication between the microprocessor and the cable headend but not shown in FIG. NTSC encoder provides an NTSC video video output. Microprocessor has the ability to execute program instructions instructions stored in memory. By this program command, the user can access various menus by making a selection on the remote controller Various program instructions for accessing menus and performing other functions are described below. The manner in which the video is decompressed and the menu is generated from the program control information signal differs depending on the specific embodiment of the present invention.

However, at least one video decompression device having the ability to decompress one video signal is used. When compressed graphics are used, a menu is generated using the second decompressor In one embodiment not shown , a separate decompressor is used to process the program control information signal, and a video synthesizer combiner incorporates the video and menu graphics information.

The program control information signal is transmitted with three main parts: compressed video for menu display or video position information , compressed graphics, and text.

After the program signal has been demultiplexed into its components, a video decompressor , a graphics decompressor , a text generator shown as in FIG. The same components shown in FIG. In FIG. Is possible. An error correction circuit is also shown and receives the demodulated signal before demultiplexing the signal. A memory with a microprocessor , demultiplexer , decryptor , and video decompressor is also shown in FIG. The components of the upgrade module connected to the basic decompression box are shown in FIG.

The circuitry in the upgrade module includes a video, graphics and text demultiplexer , a text, graphics and video plane video synthesizer , a graphics decompression device , and a graphics memory It is included.

Graphics stored in memory are preferably run-length compressed. However, other methods of graphics compression known to those skilled in the art can also be used with the present invention. The generated menu and video are synthesized by the video synthesis device and output to the anti-taping encoder Any method of anti-taping encoding known to those skilled in the art can be used in the present invention.

The front panel of the set top terminal includes an infrared sensor and a series of LED displays To 50 can be displayed. This visual display is lit as long as the subscriber is watching or listening to the program in the main menu.

LEDs are preferably provided to indicate decompression errors, processing errors, and the like. A text message may be displayed on the LED. In the normal function of the set-top terminal , the LED display is customized by the user to display necessary information such as time, program channel, VCR activation, and the like.

Additional displays include current channel, time, volume level, sleep time, parental lock security , account balance, use of hardware upgrade, second channel recorded by VCR, separate room Other indications may be included to display the current status of the set-top terminal and serve the subscriber, such as the use of a level D music hardware upgrade at The LED can also display the digital audio channel that is currently turned on.

LED may indicate the digital audio channel that is currently being tuned. This display function allows the subscriber to use the digital audio function without activating the television screen. The signal source and the selected output eg, the subscriber’s separate audio system, VCR, etc. may be displayed. Although LEDs are preferred, the set-top terminal can also use CRT, LCD, or other display technologies.

A flap-type opening is provided on the front surface of the set-top terminal , whereby a magnetic cartridge or similar portable memory including an optical disc, ROM, EPROM, etc. This opening allows the set top terminal to be upgraded or locally reprogrammed reorganized by using an applicable magnetic or optical storage device. A push button control is disposed on the top or cover of the set top terminal Any function that can be executed on the remote control can also be performed by the set-top terminal using the push button control having the same function.

One of the output terminals is for TV, and the other is for VCR. The set top terminal is equipped to handle input signals on one or two cables using the input terminal A telephone jack and an RS or RS port are provided for customer features such as maintenance, troubleshooting, reprogramming. In another example, telephone jack can be used as the basic mode of communication between cable headend and set-top terminal This connection is possible by local telephone, cellular telephone, personal communication network PCN , and the like.

Basic programming of each set top terminal is arranged in a ROM in the set top terminal Each of the RAM, magnetic cartridge performance, and expansion card slot allows for easy upgrades and changes to the set-top terminal In this preferred embodiment, the set-top terminal includes a hardware upgrade port , as shown in FIG.

Each expansion slot is covered with a metal plate cover Hardware upgrade port has four or more wire connections: 1 error-corrected and decrypted data output of set-top terminal , 2 control interface, There are provided for 3 decompressed video video output and 4 video input port.

In this preferred embodiment, each of the four functions is performed using multiple wires. Typically, four sets of wires are combined with a single multi-pin connector into a single cable. In this preferred embodiment, multi-pin connections are used for multi-wire cables. Multi-pin connection may be in the range DB9 to DB Various small computer system interface SCSI ports may also be provided.

In addition to this, four or more ports may be provided instead of the one illustrated. Port can also be used to attach various hardware upgrades to set top terminal This preferred embodiment has five hardware upgrades available for the set top terminal Examples include 1 level A interactive unit, 2 level B interactive unit, 3 level C interactive unit with compact disc capability, 4 in a separate room Level D digital radio tuner for use, 5 Level E information download unit, etc.

Each of these upgrades can be connected to the set top terminal via the upgrade port Memory in set-top terminal is used to store menu graphics and text related components. In particular, background, logo, menu display, and cursor graphics files are stored, as well as long-term, medium-term, and short-term text. Existing set-top converter boxes manufactured by Scientific Atlanta and General Instruments are not currently equipped to handle the menu selection system according to the present invention.

Therefore, hardware modifications are required to use this menu selection system with existing set-top converter technology. Turbo card The addition of a turbo card to the set-top converter is shown in FIG. The upgrade with the turbo card provides the additional functionality necessary to utilize the menu system of the present invention in conjunction with existing set-top converter technology.

The main functions that the turbo card adds to the set-top converter are the interpretation of the program control information signal, the generation of menus, the sequencing of menus, and finally the menus without entering any channel identification information.

Allowing the viewer to select a channel through the system. In addition, the turbo card provides a method for receiving information on the viewed program at a remote location such as the cable head end and controlling the operation of the set-top converter and the turbo card Information and control commands relating to the viewed program are sent from the cable head end to the turbo card via a telephone line.

The basic components of the turbo card are a PC chip CPU , a VGA graphic controller , a video synthesis device , a logic circuit , an NTSC encoder , a receiver , a demodulator , and a dial device dialer It is.

Preferably, these components are arranged on one circuit card. The turbo card has two connections from outside the viewer’s home. In addition to these two connections from outside the subscriber’s home, the turbo card must be electronically connected to the set top converter box Preferably, this connection is made by a ribbon cable connection using 40 or more pins not shown. Information exchanged between the set top converter box and the turbo card includes data and infrared commands.

After interpretation and modification by the turbo card , the infrared command is returned to the set top converter via a ribbon cable. The video signal is received by the turbo card from the set-top converter , is operated by the turbo card , passes through the NTSC encoder , and is returned to the set-top converter in the NTSC format.

The turbo card also generates graphics that are sent to the set top converter via the NTSC encoder The turbo card makes full use of the capabilities of the set top converter to avoid duplication of components. For example, turbo card eliminates the need for additional tuner costs by using a set-top converter tuner. The PC chip CPU is used to control the components of the turbo card The PC chip CPU is used for database management, billing, and data logging functions. The PC chip CPU has a one-chip configuration with an architecture equivalent to IBMPCXT.

All peripheral devices are interfaced to the PC chip CPU via an industry standard architecture ISA bus. The memory on the card can be an EPROM or other similar device.

Typically, a 4 megabyte EPROM containing the BIOS program is used in this embodiment. Two BIOS programs, the PC chip BIOS and the VGA controller BIOS, are the basic contents of the EPROM.

This EPROM also includes the equivalent of a C: hard drive. This hard drive is similar to that found on PCs that provide a means to boot the DOS operating system. The card also includes a 1 megabyte DRAM, which can be expanded to 4 megabytes. Most of this memory is used as a RAM drive after the turbo card boots up. The video synthesis device is used to synthesize the RGB video created by the graphics controller and the video from the set top converter An example of a video synthesizer used in the present invention is the ICGENLOCK signal processor GSP manufactured by Integrated Circuit Systems, Inc.

NTSC encoder may be used to convert RGB and sync signals to NTSC format signals that can be used by standard television In another embodiment, the synchronization signal is removed. An example of a component that can be used as the NTSC encoder is an encoder card manufactured by Rohm , Owen Drive , Jackson Business Park, TN, , TN, model number BALS. The turbo card hardware can be implemented on a board integrated within the set-top converter or using a plug-in slot.

In the illustrated embodiment, a dual tone multi-frequency DTMF dial device is used to initiate a telephone transmission.

An example of a DTMF dial device used in the present invention is the ICDTMF transceiver CM manufactured by California Micro Devices CMD , W 14th Street , Temple, Arizona. Such interfaces make telephone connections using DTMF tones or pulse dialing. The same DTMF used to initiate the call communicates data upstream from the PC chip CPU to the network controller or operations center.

This upstream data may include purchase, logging, and viewing information. The embodiment shown in FIG. Functionally, the turbo card operates by receiving a program control information signal from the cable head end via the coaxial cable The program control information signal is used by PC chip CPU after being processed through RF receiver , quadrature phase shift keyed QPSK demodulator , and HDLC serial receiver This receiver demodulates any data transmission at a fixed frequency of MHz.

Typically, the card receives and demodulates a MHz FSK carrier signal having a data rate of 56 kilobits. In this preferred embodiment, a 1. Once this signal is received, the signal content is stored in the card database. The contents of each signal are commonly configured in a synchronous data line control SDLC format. Other formats such as HDLC can also be used.

To provide. This stored data packet forms the basis of database files and other information that is downloaded from the cable headend to the turbo card The VGA controller is used to generate new graphics. An example of a VGA graphics controller that may be used with the present invention is the VGA controller ET manufactured by Tseng Labs.

The page is completely obtained. The VGA controller receives the dot clock from the GSP synthesis device The synthesizer of the GSP receives the synchronization signal from any incoming NTSC video signal provided by the set top converter Typically, the synthesizer of the GSP separates the synchronization information from each NTSC video signal and uses it to generate each dot clock used by the VGA controller In this way, the synthesizing device of the GSP synchronizes the VGA controller with the input NTSC format cable television signal.

This synchronization allows VGA graphics to be displayed only on the user’s television or with NTSC video. In this preferred embodiment, the logic block is enhanced and utilizes a synchronization signal extracted from another part of the set top converter This enhancement allows the VGA controller to be injection locked directly with the sync signal using some additional circuitry.

In this embodiment, the GSP synthesizer achieves the synchronization described above by phase locking the VGA controller dot clock to the NTSC video clock. The logic circuit of the turbo card receives data, an infrared command, and synchronization from the set top converter When the turbo card has finished processing and modifying the IR command, it returns the command to the set-top converter for further processing.

Where appropriate, the VGA graphics controller generates menu screen graphics that are combined with the video by the video synthesizer. The menu is in RGB format along with the video and is encoded by the NTSC encoder into the standard NTSC format.

An RGB to NTSC encoder provides an overlay of graphics and video. The encoder uses two input signals. That is, 1 NTSC video signal and 2 analog RGB signal. RGB signals come from the VGA controller For each pixel, the encoder can choose to send its output to the television screen in NTSC or RGB signal format.

This allows graphics to be displayed on the screen only or with NTSC video on a pixel-by-pixel basis.

The turbo card logic is customized to interface the PC chip CPU to a General Instruments CFT or Scientific Atlanta converter. This logic has the ability to scan a keypad not shown present on the set top converter for keystroke input and to receive infrared commands from the set top converter remote control.

Any keystroke input and command generates a signal that is sent to the PC chip CPU for processing by application software.

Similarly, the turbo card has the ability to simulate serial infrared commands and send them to other set top converter components. As a result, the PC chip CPU can control the set-top converter together with the software. Menu selections made on the remote control by the viewer are received by the IR device of the set top converter and sent to the turbo card The turbo card software interprets the IR signal and determines the program or menu selected by the viewer.

The program selection information is sent to the set top converter by modifying the IR command by the turbo card software. The modified IR command includes channel information required by the set top converter Menu structure and sequence FIG.

The first series of menus, the introduction introduction menu , the home menu , the main menu , and the sub-menu , perform subscriber program selection input. A mid-program menu provides subscribers with additional features or options after a program is selected and shown. There are two basic types of menu during the program. This should solve the rendering problem in Sony Vegas.

Follow these steps to turn it off:. Note: If you cannot find the Troubleshooting tab in the Advanced Settings, that means the graphics card on your computer does not support Hardware Acceleration.

Furthermore, it is possible for a single video file from your timeline to cause the crash. Try playing them one at a time to isolate the video with the issue. Sometimes, the problem is that your computer cannot meet up with Sony Vegas software’s demands. It requires a lot of hardware power to function properly.

Also, ensure you close all other heavy programs while Sony Vegas is running to free up more CPU resources for the video editing software. This is due to hardware incompatibility, unsupported codecs, or even wrong settings. Sony Vegas supports a handful of video formats that it can easily read, so convert the video to a compatible format using a video converter.

And install QuickTime player too. Sony Vegas crashes happen without warning. You might be immersed in your video editing or rendering,g and it will just crash. You’ll lose all your unsaved work, and that just downright sucks. You can solve the crashing problem by changing a few settings in Sony Vegas.

Follow the steps below to change the settings:. When you download plug-ins from unreliable sources, they sometimes come with unwanted bugs, often hidden in the program files. These bugs take up space and interfere with your computer’s performance. By clearing them, you give Sony Vegas a chance to run smoothly without interference. When you clear an application program cache, it resets it to its default installation settings.

So, save all your projects before the cleaning begins. Here is how to clear Vegas programs cache:. This is also true for Sony Vegas to work properly. It’s a requirement and applies to several versions of Vegas’s video editing software such as the Vegas Pro 13 version and all other versions before it.

When Vegas Pro 14 was released, installing QuickTime was no longer a requirement. You should find out what version of the Sony Vegas you are using and if it requires installing QuickTime to function correctly. However, Apple stopped supporting QuickTime in Windows 8. But, if your version of Sony Vegas still requires a QuickTime player to be installed on your computer, then the trick is to install the QuickTime 7. Another solution to Sony Vegas’s crashing problem is to remove all unwanted media from your Project Media Window to free up resources.

More resources mean your projects can load much easier. People enjoy making videos nowadays. Some make videos to document important moments of their lives and save them for the future. So, what happens when you lose those important videos or they get corrupted? You feel simply devastated, don’t you?

And it’s not always even your fault! In a situation where Sony Vegas crashes and you are left with a corrupted video, Wondershare Repairt Video Repair can repair the corrupted video file. It is the best tool for video repair and can accommodate very large files. It is available across platforms and supports different corruption scenarios such as frozen videos, video playback that gets interrupted, out-of-sync videos, blurry videos, and so on.

There are two repair modes in Wondershare Repairit. All of which are very easy to understand and use. There are several ways to add a corrupted video onto the Wondershare Repairit interface – it can be done by clicking on Add video and start repairing in the middle of the interface or just clicking on the Add button at the bottom left side of the interface.

You could as well simply drag the corrupted video and drop it on the interface. Click on the Repair button at the bottom of the interface. A bar will indicate the progress of the repair. Once this process is done, click OK to save the video. You can preview the video by clicking on the play button next to the video.

This gives you a chance to see if the video was successfully repaired before saving it. Try reinstalling Sony Vegas or checking for updates. Try reinstalling Sony Vegas and make sure all files are placed in the correct locations.

There are a few things you can try to fix your Vegas preview: -Make sure your graphics card is up to date. There is no one-size-fits-all answer to this question, as the best way to find all projects in Las Vegas will vary depending on your specific needs. However, some methods that may be useful for finding all projects in Las Vegas include using search engines such as Google or Bing, checking out online directories such as Yelp or Yellowpages, or browsing through social media sites such as Facebook or Twitter.

There is no built-in preview function in Vegas Pro However, there are several third-party tools that can be used to preview videos and images. There are a few things you can try to fix lag on Vegas Pro First, make sure that your computer is up to date and has the latest drivers installed.

Second, check to see if your graphics card is up to date. Third, make sure that your internet connection is stable and fast. Finally, try using different settings in Vegas Pro 17 to see if that fixes the lag. There is no one-size-fits-all answer to this question, as the speed up process will vary depending on your specific setup and preferences. However, some tips that may help include disabling any unnecessary background processes such as antivirus software , optimizing your computer for faster performance, and using a faster internet connection.

Premiere Pro is a more advanced editing software that is better suited for more complex projects.

 
 

[Sony vegas pro 13 warning an error occurred while opening one or more files free download

 
 

A preferred method for using multiple operation centers is to designate one of the operation centers as a master operation center and the remaining operation centers as slave operation centers. In this configuration, the master operations center coordinates various functions among the slave operations centers, such as simultaneous transmission synchronization, and efficiently distributes the operational load.

Cable headend After the operations center compresses and encodes the program signal and transmits it to the satellite, the cable head end receives the signal and further processes it, after which the signal is relayed to each set-top terminal A plurality of satellite receiver dishes are provided at each cable head end location.

Each dish can handle multiple transponder signals from one satellite, sometimes from multiple satellites. As a relay between the set top terminal and the operations center or other remote location , the cable head end serves two main functions. First, the cable head end acts as a distribution center or signal processor by relaying program signals to the set-top terminals at each subscriber’s home.

Furthermore, the cable head end functions as the network controller by receiving information from each set-top terminal and sending the information to an information collection site such as an operations center. Cable head end provides such signaling capability in a dual role as signal processor and network controller As signal processor , cable head end prepares the program signal that cable head end receives for transmission to each set top terminal In this preferred system, the signal processor retransmits or demultiplexes and recombines the signal and digital information received from the operations center , and also different portions of the signal in different frequency ranges.

Assign to. A cable headend that provides different programs to different subscribers distributes program information from the operations center in various ways to accommodate different audiences. In order to be able to use local programs, the signal processor must synthesize digital or analog local signals with the operations center program signals. If the local cable system uses a compression standard that is different from the compression standard used by the operations center , the signal processor also decompresses and recompresses the input signal so that the signal Must be properly formatted for transmission to the set-top terminal This process becomes less important as standards develop ie MPEG2.

As the network controller , the cable head end performs system control functions for this system. The main function of the network controller is to manage the configuration of the plurality of set top terminals and the process signals received from the set top terminals In this preferred embodiment, network controller monitors, among other things, an automatic poll-back response from set-top terminal remotely located at each subscriber home.

Polling and automatic report-back cycles occur at a frequency that allows the network controller to maintain accurate information about calculations and billing in addition to channel access granted by the monitor.

In the simplest embodiment, the information sent to the network controller is stored in RAM within each subscriber’s set-top terminal and is retrieved only upon polling by the network controller The search can be performed, for example, daily, weekly, or monthly.

Network controller allows the system to maintain complete information about all programs being monitored using a particular set top terminal The network controller can also respond to the immediate needs of the set top terminal by modifying the program control information signal received from the operations center Therefore, if a particular request for an individual set-top terminal cannot be pre-provided to the operations center , the network controller may allow the delivery system to adapt to such a request.

This capability allows the network controller to handle the complex program needs of the region, such as interactive television services, split screen video, and different foreign language selections for the same video.

In addition, the network controller controls and monitors all compression and decompression devices in the system. The preferred embodiment program delivery system and digital compression provide a one-way path from the operations center to the cable head end Status and billing information is sent from the set-top terminal directly to the network controller at the cable headend rather than directly to the operations center Thus, control of program monitoring and selection is controlled by the local cable company and its distributed network controller ie, distributed to the operations center located in the center of the program distribution system By the cable head end alone.

The local cable company in turn communicates with an operations center or a regional control center not shown that collects data returned from the set-top terminal for statistics and billing purposes. In another system embodiment, the operations center and the statistics and billing site are in the same location.

In addition, information is transferred from the set top terminal to a statistics and billing site using a telephone line with a modem. Set top terminal The set top terminal is a part of the program delivery system in the subscriber’s home. The set-top terminal is usually placed above or below the subscriber’s television, but as long as it is within range of the subscriber’s remote control device , any set-top terminal in or near the subscriber’s home Can be placed on site.

In some respects, the set top terminal is similar to the converter box already used in many cable systems. For example, each set-top terminal may include encoding techniques such as various error detection, decoding, and anti-taping encoding.

However, it will become clear from the following description that set-top terminals can perform many functions that a normal converter box cannot do. The set top terminal has a plurality of input ports and output ports so that it can communicate with other local and remote devices. The set top terminal has an input port for receiving information from the cable head end In addition, the unit has at least two output ports that provide communication from the set top terminal to the television and VCR.

If any menu is selected, the set-top terminal sends a control signal directly to the VCR to program or operate the VCR directly. The set-top terminal also includes a telephone jack that can be used for maintenance, troubleshooting, reprogramming, and additional customer features. Functionally, the set-top terminal is the final component in the delivery system chain. The set top terminal receives the compressed program and control signals from the cable headend or sometimes directly from the operations center After the set-top terminal receives individually compressed program and control signals, the signals are demultiplexed, decompressed and converted to analog signals if necessary from which a menu template.

Stored in a local storage device, executed immediately, or sent directly to the television screen. After processing the signal received from cable headend , set-top terminal stores a menu template for creating a menu to be displayed on the subscriber’s television by using an array of menu templates. can do. Before the menu is constructed, a menu template must be sent to the set-top terminal for creation and storage.

A microprocessor uses a control signal received from the operations center or cable head end to generate a menu template for storage. Each menu template may be stored in volatile memory within the set top terminal When the set top terminal receives the template information, it demultiplexes the program control signal received from the cable headend into four main parts: video, graphics, program logic, and text.

Each menu template represents a different part of the overall menu, such as the menu background, television logo, cursor highlight overlay, and various miscellaneous components needed to create the menu. Menu templates may be deleted or modified using control signals received from the operations center or the cable head end Once the menu template is stored in memory, the set top terminal can generate the appropriate menu. In this preferred embodiment, the basic menu format information is stored in a memory located within the set top terminal so that the microprocessor is local to the information from the set top terminal rather than from the input signal.

Can be accessed. The microprocessor then generates an appropriate menu from the menu template and other menu information stored in memory. The set top terminal then displays a specific menu corresponding to the input selected by the subscriber on the subscriber’s television screen. If the subscriber selects a particular program from the menu, the set top terminal determines the channel on which the program is shown and demultiplexes and extracts the signal channel transmitted from the cable headend To do.

The set top terminal then decompresses the signal channel and, if necessary, converts the program signal to an analog NTSC signal, which allows the subscriber to view the selected program. The set-top terminal can be equipped to be able to decompress more than one program signal, but since the subscriber typically only watches one program at a time, this equipment reduces the cost of the unit.

Raise as needed. However, to improve picture-on-picture capabilities and control signal decompression, and to improve channel switching and other similar features, two or three decompressions It is desirable to provide a device. In addition to the menu information, the set top terminal can also store text sent from the cable head end or the operations center This text tells the subscriber about upcoming events, billing and account status, new scheduled programs, and other relevant information.

The text will be stored in an appropriate location in memory, depending on the frequency and duration of text message usage. Also, upgrades that enhance the performance of the subscriber’s set-top terminal can optionally be used.

These upgrades consist of a cartridge or computer card not shown inserted into an expansion slot provided on the set-top terminal , or subscribed by the cable head end or its user. It can consist of features provided by the operations center Available upgrades may include online database services, interactive multimedia services, access to digital radio channels, and the like.

In the simplest embodiment, the functions of the set-top terminal are implemented by modifying a commercial converter or box manufactured by General Instruments, Scientific Atlanta, etc. to enhance performance. A preferred upgrade is a circuit card with a microprocessor that is electrically connected to or inserted into the converter box.

Remote control device The main conduit for communication between the subscriber and the set top terminal is via the subscriber interface, preferably a remote control device Through this interface, the subscriber can select the desired program via the system’s menu drive scheme or by entering the actual channel number and accessing the specific channel directly.

By using this interface, a subscriber can navigate back and forth within a program selection menu that provides a series of information. By using menu driven, icon or alphabetic access, the subscriber can select the desired channel by simply pressing a single button rather than calling from memory and pressing the actual channel number for selection. Subscribers can access regular broadcasts and basic cable TV stations by using the numeric keys on the remote control by pressing the corresponding channel number or by using one of the menu icon choices.

In addition to making it easy for subscribers to interact with the cable system , the physical characteristics of the subscriber interface must improve intimacy with the users of the system. The remote control must easily fit in the palm of the user.

The buttons on the preferred remote control include pictorial symbols that can be easily identified by the subscriber. In addition, buttons that perform similar functions may be color-coordinated, or may be distinguished from each other to increase intimacy with the user of the system.

Menu driven program selection The menu-driven system allows subscribers to access all major menus from movie hits to sports special features and special programs in one step. From any of the main menus, subscribers can access sub-menus and minor menus in turn by cursor or alphabetic access. There are two different types of menus used in this preferred embodiment: a program selection menu and a programming program menu.

The program selection menu, which is the first menu, includes an introduction menu, a home menu, a major menu, and a submenu. The second menu, the inter-program menu, consists of two basic menus, a secret menu and a program overlay menu. As soon as the subscriber turns on the set-top terminal , an introductory menu welcomes the subscriber to the system. The referral menu may display important announcements from local cable franchises, advertisements from cable providers, or other types of messages.

In addition, the referral menu can inform the subscriber if the cable headend has sent a personal message to that particular set-top terminal for that subscriber. After the introduction menu is displayed, the subscriber can proceed to the next level menu, the home menu.

In this preferred embodiment, after a certain period of time, the cable system advances the subscriber to the next, assuming no home menu selection. From the home menu, subscribers have access to all program options. The subscriber can select the program directly by entering the appropriate channel number from the remote control , or can proceed sequentially through the next level menu options starting from the home menu.

The home menu displays a category corresponding to the first level called the main menu. If a subscriber chooses to go in sequence through successive menus, the subscriber is sent from the home menu to the main menu corresponding to the selected category. The main menu further refines the subscriber search and helps the subscriber to guide the choices. From the main menu, the subscriber has access to several submenus.

Subscribers can access other submenus from each submenu until they find the desired television program. Like the main menu, each successive sub-menu further refines the subscriber search. The system also allows the subscriber to directly access a specific menu or television program by skipping certain menus and sub-menus by entering appropriate commands on the remote control The inter-program menu including the secret menu and the program overlay menu is displayed by the set-top terminal only after the subscriber has selected a television program.

To avoid confusing the subscriber, the set-top terminal does not display the secret menu until the subscriber selects an appropriate option for displaying the secret menu. The secret menu includes options related to the program selected by the viewer. For example, the secret menu includes options that allow the subscriber to enter interactive mode or exit the selected program.

The program overlay menu is similar to the secret menu in that it relates to the program being generated and viewed during the program. However, the program overlay menu is displayed simultaneously with the program selected by the subscriber. Most program overlay menus are displayed small enough on the screen so that subscribers can continue to comfortably watch the selected program. Operation center with computer-aided packaging system FIG. A peripheral device of the CAP system is constituted by an additional remote localization database such as the local video storage database , a buffer for supplying an external program, and a control device The heart of CAP is a central processing unit that communicates with all components of CAP This central processing unit can be a powerful PC, a minicomputer, a mainframe or a combination of computing devices running in parallel.

This central processing unit includes all necessary interconnections to control peripheral devices such as the external video controller Central processing unit has sufficient memory to store the program instructions for the subroutine that operates CAP The CAP receives data from one or more databases, such as the operations center database and cable franchise information database shown in FIG.

In addition, a separate database of viewer information, such as visited census and programs, is maintained. The external video controller includes a buffer for delaying an external program received by the operation center as necessary. The CAP receives video and audio signals from two sources, ie, from the local video storage internally and externally via an external video controller from an external source.

Here, referring back to FIG. In FIG. The operations center is shown receiving external programmed signals corresponding to specific programmed categories available for subscriber viewing. These external signals can be in analog or digital form and can be received via land lines, microwave transmission lines, or satellites. Some of these external signals may be transmitted from the program source to the operations center in compressed digital form or other non-standard digital form.

These external signals are received and packaged with programming stored in the operations center Examples of external program sources shown in FIG. It is done. Any source that can provide either or both audio or video signals can be used to provide programming to the operations center Digital compression techniques are used to achieve the required processing capacity of video and audio information for this system.

The television signal is first digitized. The purpose of digitization is double. That is, first, in the case of an analog signal such as a television image, the signal is converted from a certain waveform into a digital binary form by digitization.

Second, through the use of digital compression techniques, standard digital forms are designed so that the resulting image or video still takes up less space on the respective storage medium.

As will be described below, it basically defines the compression method in which the standard digital form is used. There are three basic digital compression techniques: intra-frame, inter-frame, and intra-carrier compression techniques. In-frame compression techniques process each frame in the television image to include less visual detail. Thus, the image will contain fewer digital bits.

In inter-frame compression techniques, only changes between frames are transmitted, eliminating elements that are repeated in successive frames. In the intra-carrier wave compression technique, the compression ratio varies greatly according to the amount of change between frames.

If many changes occur between frames, the compression ratio drops, for example, from 1 to 8: 1. If the action is strong, the compression ratio drops to 4: 1. Several standard digital forms have been developed that represent both digitization standards and compression standards. For example, JPEG Joint Photographic Experts Association is a standard for single image digitization.

Movie digitization can be represented by standards such as MPEG or MPEG2 Movie Technical Association Standard.

In addition to these standards, other private standards have been developed. These preferred embodiments use coded MPEG-2, and it is assumed that those skilled in the art are familiar with the MPEG-2 standard. In the present invention, motion picture MPEG and MPEG2 are preferred, and any digital form for compression may be used in the present invention.

As is well known to those skilled in the art, any compression technique developed by these companies and any other known technique can be used in the present invention.

Reference is made to FIG. Human interference in the system is performed by a programmer or program packager operating from one or more workstations connected to the system. These workstations are preferably intelligent workstations with large CRT screens. In this preferred embodiment, a suitable keyboard, mouse and color monitor are used in the workstation.

From these workstations, the packager creates a program structure, creates a program ranking table, starts dynamic menu allocation, starts dynamic bandwidth allocation, designs the menu, and enters the program name and description into the menu. You can place, create menus with stills and live video, move text over the menus, change the color of objects on the menus, and perform various other tasks of the program transmission system Almost any function of the operations center that normally requires human intervention can be performed at the packager workstation Although data entry to the database can be performed manually at workstation , data entry is preferably completed through electronic transfer of information.

Alternatively, the data can be loaded from a customer portable storage medium such as a magnetic disk or tape. An integral part of the computer-aided packaging system is the retrieval of the viewer data and the assimilation of this data into a program packaging method especially a menu structure as discussed for MII in FIG.

This entails two main stages: the retrieval of raw data from the highest terminal set first, followed by the filtering and provisioning of this data. Each headend edits the viewer data and then sends it verbatim to the operations center This raw data is required because the various responsibilities of the operations center require different parts of this raw information.

Also, a record of the entire data must be saved. Once the data is assembled at the operations center , the data is filtered for each application.

Data is analyzed by automated software procedures EIS and menus are created using specific heuristics. For example, one heuristic is that when a program is not ordered frequently, the program is moved closer to the top of the menu to look better. By filtering this data, the data is classified and indexed for display to the user. Program data can be filtered into a new database containing program names and indexed by the number of times each program has been purchased.

This data can also be indexed by number of purchases and program category. Several metrology methods have been established to help evaluate this data. Using EIS or similar software, sales by menu layout, expense, category, and expected life can be retrieved for viewing on a graphical display.

This graphical representation in the form of a line or bar graph allows the packager to recognize any trends in the data. For example, a first movie on a movie menu may not sell as well as a second movie.

You can draw a chart that shows that the first movie has been at the top of the menu for two weeks and that the purchase rate is inevitably falling. Next, steps can be taken to move items in the menu to correct this, but many of these steps are automated in the menu creation system. Changes suggested to help the user in this task can be displayed. This automated procedure creates a menu where differences can be seen between headends due to demographic differences in the viewers who are watching.

To help with this, another database of viewer demographics exists and is often updated. These headends can change menu positions or add local programs to further customize the program. In order to prevent erroneous data analysis, any changes to the menu are sent back to the operations center at the same time as the viewer data.

Another use of indexed data is the creation of market research. Programming changes are made with the help of accurate information about viewer preferences. You can also track viewer purchase trends and regional benefits. An executive information system EIS is used to provide. The EIS represents both graph and summary report information. The purpose of the EIS is to provide an on-line software tool that can perform a real-time assessment of current product positioning.

The design of this system consists of user-friendly icons that guide the user through the available functions. The functionality in this system provides comprehensive information about the current programming sales status. By working through the hierarchy in the system, the user gains access to more specific information.

This system is designed to shield users from long learning curves and information overload. These graphic tools analyze current data through the use of numerous graph types such as line graphs, bar graphs and pie charts. These tools allow the user to mix time hours, days of the week, weeks, months , demographic information, program category information classes, characteristics, events , headend information and the appropriate programming mix within the assigned time slot.

Independent variables such as price information to determine can be manipulated. This system also allows the packager to derive the expected monetary income through the program structure by aggregating outside industry databases. For example, by using this system, the purchase information from an existing program in the program configuration and the audience rating service database are linked to determine the result of a program in a specific category that is not in the current program configuration.

You can determine the expected revenue from the program. A reporting tool within the EIS aggregates purchase access at the highest level. Because of the amount of information available, statistical analysis methods are used to derive market research information within the EIS. A yield management tool is built into the EIS. This yield management tool includes operations exploration techniques, statistical methods and neutral net techniques to determine program mix when it is related to program substitution, program supplementation, time slice positioning, iteration and menu positioning.

This system is automated to the extent that it provides a viable alternative to the proposed product mix. The system includes a Monte Carlo simulation for developing alternative product mix scenarios. The system is sourced from both internal and external industry data sources and provides expected revenue estimates for various scenarios.

Other software subroutines in CAP automatically cause the EIS to use important decision execution programs such as menu structure and responders. Human interference is required to change market parameters to fine tune the desired product plan. The packaging of the program including program information and program control information, program configuration and menu design configuration is done in CAP , but all other functions of operations center are performed in a second separate processing unit in FIG.

Can be controlled. Distribution of this function between the CAP and the transmission control processing unit provides faster usage speed and greater ease. Once external and stored digital and analog sources are converted to standard digital form , they are input to a standard multiplexer of the type manufactured by Scientific Atlanta, General Instruments, etc.

Is done. Further, a program control information signal is input to the digital multiplexer These inputs , are appropriately multiplexed under the control of the transmission control processor unit as instructed by the CPU The transmission control processor unit is also responsible for generating the program control information signal based on the information received from the CPU With this transmission control processor unit , it is possible to remove the load from the CPU and the task near the real time.

As previously mentioned, this CPU processes the information in its database and provides user access to the CAP via a number of user workstations The high speed digital output from the digital multiplexer is then sent to the compression if necessary , multiplexing, modulation and amplification hardware indicated at Program control information signal The program control information signal is generated by the operations center and provides the network controller with data relating to program schedules and descriptions.

In another configuration, this data is sent directly to the set top terminal and displayed to the subscriber. In this preferred embodiment, the program control information signal is stored and modified by the network controller and sent to the set top terminal in the form of a set top terminal control information stream STTCIS.

The set-top terminal integrates the program control information signal and STTCIS with the data stored in the memory of the set-top terminal and provides an on-screen menu that assists the subscriber in selecting a program to be displayed. The type of information that can be transmitted using the program control signal includes the number of program categories, the name of the program category, the channel specified for a particular category such as a special channel , the name of the channel, and the name of the program on each channel.

Program start time, program length, program description, menu designation for each program, fee, sample video clip for program advertisement, information about other programs, menus and works, etc.

In this simple example, program control information including these menu codes is continuously sent from the operations center to the network controller and ultimately to the set top terminal For example, as shown in Table A, program information corresponding to 4 hours is continuously sent via a program control information signal. Table A shows basic program information sent by the set top terminal The program description shown is an encoded ellipsis. For example, C represents comedy, N represents news, S represents sports, A represents comics, and TX represents text.

If there is a text description for the program, such as a movie, the description is given after the encoded description of the program or communicated after the program information corresponding to 4 hours.

As shown in the encoded list, program descriptions for programs longer than 30 minutes need not be repeated every 30 minutes each. The video video description code informs the set-top terminal whether there is a still video or a live video that can be used to advertise the program.

For example, some sports programs include B Michigan State University vs. South Carolina University is designated. The letter B designates the program as category B, that is, sports. The second alphanumeric character 3 designates this program as a third menu in the sports category.

The third character of the code 5 designates this program in the fifth program time zone slot on the third menu. The next four characters, , represent the program start time, program length, and program name. This entry represents a college football game, a sports program broadcast at 4 pm on New Year’s Day.

In the channel 1 entry of table A, two menu codes are shown. By allowing two menu codes, programs that can fit under the description of two different categories can be displayed in both menus for the subscriber. This minimum amount of information is regularly communicated to the set-top terminal so that the set-top terminal has the appropriate menu location for each program and the appropriate time and channel to be energized for the subscriber after menu selection.

Can be determined. Table B shows an example of an event table that can be downloaded to the set-top terminal using an Event Data file including information on events and prices. As shown in Table B, the three columns of the event table identify the field number, the field itself, and the type of information downloaded to the Event Data file.

The first column includes field numbers The middle column shows the corresponding field parameters with event type, event ID, global overall channel ID, price, start time, end time, start date, end date, P-icon, name, and description including. The third column contains the corresponding field type information. Field type information typically consists of unsigned integers, hours, minutes, and seconds, months, days, and years, and ASCII character identifiers. Table C shows an example of an Event Data file.

In particular, Table C shows two data streams corresponding to two event types. The first data stream identifies the event in the first field. The second field specifies the event ID included in this example.

The third field contains 2 which is the global channel ID number. The fourth field shows the cost of 50 cents for this event. The fifth and sixth fields indicate the start time and end time from 3 am to 3 pm, respectively.

The ninth field indicates a P-icon set in the graphics file. Finally, the tenth and eleventh fields indicate the name and description of the selected event, where Sesame Street Registered trademark and Barney Registered trademark.

The second data stream of the Event Data example shown in Table C is: Terminator IV Similar information is included in the first field, specified in the first field as a pay-per-view type event viewable by payment. Program control information signals and STTCIS can be formatted in a variety of ways, and menus on the screen can be created in many different ways. For example, if the program control information signal does not carry menu format information, the menu format for creating the menu can be fixed in the ROM of the set top terminal.

This method makes it possible to carry information with fewer program control information signals. However, this method has the least flexibility because the menu format cannot be changed without physically replacing the ROM. Used for non-video such as block coding, contour coding, blob encoding, run length encoding, etc. to limit the amount of bandwidth required to transmit the program control information signal Various compression techniques can be used. Furthermore, the program control information signal is text And data that can be recombined in the set-top terminal using a text generator, graphics decompressor, and video decompressor if necessary.

Preferably, the menu driven program selection system allows the subscriber to select a program by moving within a series of menus using the remote control for cursor movement. The final selection in the series of menus identifies one particular channel and the activation time for that channel.

Depending on the channel and the time of activation, the set-top terminal can display the selected program on the television for the viewer. To accomplish this goal, a simple embodiment assigns an intelligent alphanumeric code to each program. This alphanumeric code identifies the category of the program, the menu in which the program is to be displayed, its transmission time, and the location on the menu where the program is to be displayed. In the preferred embodiment, the menu format information is stored in a temporary memory in the set-top terminal , ie, RAM, FLASH ROM, EEPROM or EPROM.

This configuration further limits the amount of information that needs to be transmitted via the program control information signal, while giving the menu format the desired flexibility. New menu format information can be sent to the set-top terminal via a program control information signal each time the menu changes. In addition to the menu format information stored in graphics memory , set top terminal also stores data that tracks the program selected for viewing.

This data is then transmitted to the cable headend where it is used in performing network control and monitoring functions. Such data transmission between the set-top terminal and the cable headend is performed, for example, via upstream transmission over a cable network or over a telephone line using a telephone modem.

Where upstream transmission over a cable network is used, the set-top terminal completes the data transmission based on a schedule or as needed.

Program access information identifying each program viewed by the viewer is stored at each set-top terminal until it is polled by the network controller for information retrieval. This information can be achieved by using a poll request message format as shown in FIG. Synchronization is maintained using an 8-bit flag sequence that appears at the beginning and end of a frame.

The address field specifies a 4-bit address for a given set top terminal The subscriber’s area designation is a 4-bit field indicating the geographical area where the subscriber’s set-top terminal is located.

In this example, field sizes are given, but various sizes can be used in the present invention. Frame format also provides a variable length information field for other data communications, such as information regarding system updates.

As described above, the frame format ends with the same 8-bit flag that is, the tracking flag as the format for the leading leading flag Other frame formats will be apparent to those skilled in the art and can be easily adapted to be easily used with this system. Using any such polling request message format, the network controller queries each set-top terminal The set top terminal is identified by a unique address and an identifier of the set top terminal.

The set-top terminal preferably sends information and messages to the network controller only if permission is granted by the network controller For example, when a specialized program is accessed since a previous poll, set-top terminal is granted permission to send poll response in the form of a status report that includes any of its drunken access information.

These status reports generally include information that enables the network controller to track the history of the subscriber’s program access. This frame format is the same as the polling request message format and is labeled with a similar reference number. The length of the information field remains variable so that an indefinite program to be accessed, for example, programs 1 to N represented by are included in this frame.

After polling access ‘by a given set-top terminal , the length of the control message increases in proportion to the number of programs accessed. This response includes the number of programs accessed and the corresponding event identification number shown as in FIG.

A program access block is accessed. During the polling cycle, the program control information continues to provide menu information to the set top terminal In the simplest embodiment, the menu remains fixed and only the text varies.

Therefore, the program control information signal can be basically limited to text, and a text generator can be used in the set top terminal This simple embodiment keeps the cost of set-top terminal low and limits the bandwidth required for program control information.

Another simple embodiment uses a full-time separate channel large bandwidth for menu information only. Software subroutine The program control information signal is substantially generated by the CAP CPU and the delivery control processor unit DCPU An overall view of the software module that focuses on signal processing and communication between the CAP CPU and the DCPU is shown in FIG.

The software modules for the CAP CPU and DCPU include a dispatcher , processing , and communications , each providing similar named functions and support database access. The internal processing of the CAP CPU is controlled by a software module of the dispatcher , which is based on user commands eg, whatever it is now , scheduled events eg, whatever it is at noon , or others Process instructions based on the occurrence of the event eg, whatever the database is updated. The dispatcher sends a message to the processing software module to instruct the software module to process information in the database to generate control information for the DCPU For example, based on an update of information associated with a particular headend , dispatcher may replay headend parameters, perform the requested database integrity checks, and send them to DCPU Commands to CPU Further, in the case of information processing of the head end , a filter function not shown that removes information not directly or indirectly related to a given head end is performed.

The transfer of information between CAP CPU and DCPU is controlled by DCPU communication software module Information received by the DCPU from the CAP CPU is processed in the DCPU processing module and is made consistent with the DCPU Some of this information is used for DCPU control, but most is data integrated into the program control information signal Some of this information is also used for chore control for things such as external multiplexers, source material generation hardware, and transmitters.

Information intended for the program control information signal is transmitted once or scheduled for periodic transmission. This information is integrated by processing module with other information both internal and external. The DCPU scheduler module is responsible for scheduling and adjusting such data traffic. The scheduler performs information filtering processing.

External pass control information may also be incorporated into the program control information signal to provide external input for this digital data stream. The DCPU multiplexer plays a role of multiplexing external passage control information. Finally, the transmit software module controls the output of both the program control information signal and the miscellaneous control signal in conjunction with appropriate communication hardware not shown.

A main program not shown orchestrates the use of various subroutines as needed to perform CAP tasks. The Packager Data Entry Interface PDEI , Marketing Information Interface MII , and Cable Franchise Information Access CFLA subroutines provide interface functions between the CAP main program and external data or information. The remaining subroutines shown in the center column of FIG.

The Packager Data Entry Interface PDEI subroutine allows the packager to enter program selection interactively and start the time of program , pricing , transponder allocation , and menu editing Routines to be included. The PDI subroutine controls keyboard and mouse data entry by the packager and executes in conjunction with the processing and editing subroutine described below.

The Marketing Information Interface MII subroutine interfaces the processing and editing subroutines with marketing data. This interface regularly receives information monitored by the program from the billing account and the cable head end , or sets the top terminal In addition, other marketing information , such as viewer dynamics during a period of time, is received by the MII The MII also analyzes the program monitoring information and marketing data , using an algorithm and provides this analyzed information to a processing and editing subroutine.

In the preferred embodiment, an Administrator Information System EIS with a yield management subsystem is included in the MII subroutine as described above. The cable franchise information access CFLA subroutine is block such as the specific equipment used within one cable franchise, the grouping of the set top terminals in the concatenated cable system , etc.

Receive information about the indicated cable franchise. The CFLA generates a cable franchise control signal that is integrated with the program control information that is output to generate information specific to the cable headend that is sent. The integration algorithm to accomplish this resides in the generator subroutine described below. The process program lineup subroutine uses the information from the MII and PDE to generate a program lineup.

Assign programs in time slots using important weighting algorithms and best fit time algorithms. A process menu construction subroutine determines the appropriate menu format to be used and the location process on the menu screen.

The program position on the menu is determined using the MII and the PDE When the menu is viewed by a viewer on a large CRT or color monitor, the menu display algorithm displays the menu. The editing of the menu subroutine works with the menu display algorithm and the PDI to allow the packager to edit the menu immediately while viewing the menu. A graphical transponder allocation display sends information obtained from the CFLA and PDE to generate a graphical display, allowing the packager to keep track of the transponder space allocation over the entire television delivery system The packager interactively reassigns the transponder space allocation using the edit transponder allocation subroutine in a manner similar to the display and editing of the menu shown at blocks , In the preferred embodiment, an EIS with yield management helps determine the transponder space allocation.

A generator subroutine generates a program control information signal for the output. A generator subroutine receives the cable franchise control signal and uses this signal to help generate a special signal for each cable head end A package routine acquires and packages the program with the program control information signal for transmission to the transponder.

With continued reference to FIGS. This flow can be broken down into modules that fit parts of the database to allow viewing, editing and adding records to the database. The software also performs database integrity checks by restricting the user to enter only valid data and by checking for conflicts.

This generation occurs before or during the processing of the process program lineup subroutine shown in FIG. According to FIG. Each event is then scheduled to service , where software is checked for conflicts. Each service is inspected for contention, given execution time and execution days.

Once a service and event has occurred, an event name can be added to the menu Programs for events and services are stored in the operations center as shown at in FIG. Event or record processing and manipulation is indicated generally at The packager user interface for each of the generation modules part of works in much the same way as each of the other modules to facilitate the use and learning of the interface.

The packager user interface forms part of the PDI shown in FIG. The browser system is first entered to allow viewing of records and selection of specific records. As indicated by block , this allows details to be deleted, added or changed to events, programs and sources.

The browse screen also allows access to an edit screen that can modify the fields in the selected record, for example, conflicts or errors in the schedule are continuously inspected at and , for example. In use, the operations center of the present invention implements various management functions that can be divided into the following five main areas: 1 cable headend management, 2 program source management, 3 broadcast program management, 4 internal program storage and management, and 5 marketing, management and customer information, It is.

A relational database such as that shown in FIG. Customer billing is not included in the above five areas for operations center Invoicing can be handled by the operations center as shown in database structures , , but invoicing is traditional such as cable TV invoicing provided by Telecorp.

It is desirable to be handled remotely by different channels and methods. An example of customer shopping extraction is provided to the operations center These extracted information is formatted and correlated with customer statistics for market research purposes by marketing information interface MII This information is stored as cable franchise information in the operation center by the cable franchise information access Such information can be compiled and maintained in a relational database described below as in FIG.

Information from the contract record to the actual program tape must be maintained, including ownership tracking, source tape tracking and contouring, source provider contouring. Programs can be received from various rights holders, and such a database will keep track of the person or entity that owns the rights to each program in question. Other data relating to program cuts that identify the program from which the cut is obtained the program cut is part of the program can also be maintained.

Information about time slot assignments, menu entries and categories, and channel assignments are also maintained in an associated database. A program service represents a purchaseable time slice occupied by the type of programming. Each time slice has a number of time restrictions. Using the purchase of an overall time slice allows for great flexibility. A myriad of program and time slice combinations are possible. Preferably, the service is generated using the software shown in FIG.

In order for service to be available in one cable headend region, this service is mapped to this region. In mapping, a program service is assigned one program channel. Program services are defined in the following areas: Service ID Unique ID generated by the system Article Describe the service. This description allows the packager to easily assign one service to one broadcast program. Type Defines the type of service. Current service types are YCTV registered trademark , Grid, network, etc.

Network ID Network service and related examples: ABC, NBC, DISC registered trademark Broadcast event Related to YCTV registered trademark service. The name of the image icon PICON assigned to the PICON file service. For example, this picon is displayed on the purchase screen in the case of a pay-per-view event.

Expiration date Service expiration date. Delete a service from the service selection list Start date Each service is a series of days within a week. This represents the start date eg Monday Stop date represents the last day in the interval Start time Within one day, the service has a period of time. This field represents the start of this period Stop time Indicates the end of the period Requested tapes If the stored tape is requested, the number of tapes requested by the service 3 Broadcast Program management Broadcast program management is one focus of a data management system.

Product, price, promotion and packaging issues are targeted at this level. The determination of these areas will affect the actual programming presented to the viewer. Don’t be. Preferably, the EIS system described below will access this data and help broadcast program management. This allows the operations center to assemble electrically stored programs, programs stored on CDs and program tapes, and to guarantee program quality and program location.

Information about market conditions is always needed to manage operations effectively. Information about the existence of a market for one program is needed. The following types of information must be maintained in marketing and customer information databases: That is, the outline of the viewer’s dynamics, the purchase information of the viewer, the association of the dynamic information with the purchase information, and the rapid reconstruction of the information of the program combination according to the data analysis.

As subscribers use the system, viewer information or viewer recorded data can be stored and maintained in an associated database. The marketing information interface gathers marketing information and indexes this information for inclusion in the marketing and customer information database.

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